Research
My research is about machines that converse and teach. During my PhD at Mila and the Université de Montréal (2014–2019), supervised by Yoshua Bengio and Joelle Pineau, I worked on generative neural network models for dialogue, on how to evaluate conversational systems, and on reinforcement learning for chatbots. Before that I did an MSc in machine learning at University College London, supervised by Peter Dayan and David Silver.
At Korbit, we published a dozen papers on AI for education: Socratic tutoring, generated learning content and adaptive learning paths. At LawZero I worked on AI safety research, and we published three papers.
I won an Outstanding Long Paper Award at ACL 2017 for Towards an Automatic Turing Test: Learning to Evaluate Dialogue Responses, and 2nd Prize in the NeurIPS Demonstration Track for A Deep Reinforcement Learning Chatbot. In all, I’ve published 40+ papers, co-authored two books, received five awards and hold a US patent on systems and methods for reviewing code.
Selected papers
- Building end-to-end dialogue systems using generative hierarchical neural network modelsAAAI, 2016arXiv
- A hierarchical latent variable encoder-decoder model for generating dialoguesAAAI, 2017arXiv
- The Ubuntu dialogue corpus: A large dataset for research in unstructured multi-turn dialogue systemsSIGDIAL, 2015
- Towards an automatic Turing test: Learning to evaluate dialogue responsesACL, 2017Outstanding Long Paper AwardPaper arXiv
- A deep reinforcement learning chatbotarXiv, 20172nd Prize in the NeurIPS Demonstration TrackarXiv
- A large-scale, open-domain, mixed-interface dialogue-based ITS for STEMAIED, 2020
- The Scientist AI: Safe by Design, by Not DesiringLawZero technical report, 2026
All papers
47 papers, newest first. Citation counts are on Google Scholar.
2026
- The Scientist AI: Safe by Design, by Not DesiringLawZero technical report
- Safety from Honesty in a Disinterested AI PredictorarXivarXiv
- PyINE: A Framework for Scalable Elicitation and Oversight via Code ExecutionarXivarXiv
2024
- How teachers can use large language models and Bloom’s taxonomy to create educational quizzesAAAI
2023
- How useful are educational questions generated by large language models?AIED
2022
- Automated data-driven generation of personalized pedagogical interventions in intelligent tutoring systemsInternational Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
- A new era: Intelligent tutoring systems will transform online learning for millionsarXivarXiv
- Few-shot question generation for personalized feedback in intelligent tutoring systemsPAIS 2022, co-located with IJCAI-ECAI
- Question Personalization in an Intelligent Tutoring SystemAIED
- Raising student completion rates with adaptive curriculum and contextual banditsAIED
2021
- Deep discourse analysis for generating personalized feedback in intelligent tutor systemsAAAI
- A comparative study of learning outcomes for online learning platformsAIED
- Back-training excels self-training at unsupervised domain adaptation of question generation and passage retrievalEMNLP
2020
- The bottleneck simulator: A model-based deep reinforcement learning approachJournal of Artificial Intelligence Research
- Automated personalized feedback improves learning gains in an intelligent tutoring systemAIED
- A large-scale, open-domain, mixed-interface dialogue-based ITS for STEMAIED
2019
- The second conversational intelligence challenge (ConvAI2)The NeurIPS'18 Competition: From Machine Learning to Intelligent Conversations (Springer)
- Representation learning for dialogue systemsPhD thesis, Université de Montréal
2018
- A survey of available corpora for building data-driven dialogue systems: The journal versionDialogue & Discourse
- A deep reinforcement learning chatbot (short version)arXivarXiv
- A dataset of topic-oriented human-to-chatbot dialogues
- Introduction to NIPS 2017 Competition TrackThe NIPS'17 Competition: Building Intelligent Systems (Springer)
- The first conversational intelligence challengeThe NIPS'17 Competition: Building Intelligent Systems (Springer)
- The RLLChatbot: A solution to the ConvAI challengearXivarXiv
2017
- A hierarchical latent variable encoder-decoder model for generating dialoguesAAAIarXiv
- Multiresolution recurrent neural networks: An application to dialogue response generationAAAI
- Training end-to-end dialogue systems with the Ubuntu dialogue corpusDialogue & Discourse
- Towards an automatic Turing test: Learning to evaluate dialogue responsesACLOutstanding Long Paper AwardPaper arXiv
- Piecewise latent variables for neural variational text processingEMNLP
- A deep reinforcement learning chatbotarXiv2nd Prize in the NeurIPS Demonstration TrackarXiv
- The octopus approach to the Alexa competition: A deep ensemble-based socialbotAlexa Prize Proceedings
2016
- Building end-to-end dialogue systems using generative hierarchical neural network modelsAAAIarXiv
- How not to evaluate your dialogue system: An empirical study of unsupervised evaluation metrics for dialogue response generationEMNLP
- Generating factoid questions with recurrent neural networks: The 30M factoid question-answer corpusACL
- Generative deep neural networks for dialogue: A short reviewarXivarXiv
- On the evaluation of dialogue systems with next utterance classificationSIGDIAL
- Theano: A Python framework for fast computation of mathematical expressionsarXivarXiv
2015
- The Ubuntu dialogue corpus: A large dataset for research in unstructured multi-turn dialogue systemsSIGDIAL
- Incorporating unstructured textual knowledge sources into neural dialogue systemsNIPS Workshop on Machine Learning for Spoken Language Understanding
- Text-based speaker identification for multi-participant open-domain dialogue systemsNIPS Workshop on Machine Learning for Spoken Language Understanding
2014
- Selected Graphical Models and Their Applications in Data Analysis
- Prediction of changes in the stock market using Twitter and sentiment analysisJournal of engineering and technology
- Learning to Play Chess from Scratch
- Implicit Affective Tagging
2012
- Maximum likelihood learning and inference in conditional random fieldsBachelor's thesis, University of Copenhagen
- Seizure Detection Challenge The Fitzgerald team solutionMechanics in Medicine and Biology
2011
- Fattigdom i Danmark: En socioøkonomisk fattigdomsgrænseLIS Working Paper Series
Patents
- Systems and methods for reviewing codeUS Patent 12,340,191, 2025
- Systems and methods for reviewing codeUS Patent App. 19/212,614, 2026